伍德麦肯兹：碳中和LNG将成为未来趋势

据9月11日Kallanish Energy报道，碳中和液化天然气(LNG)可能成为未来的趋势，并成为未来能源组合的重要组成部分，但它可能不像听起来那么简单。

伍德麦肯兹亚太区天然气和液化天然气首席分析师露西·卡伦在Gastech峰会上表示，碳中和并不仅仅意味着货物产生零排放，而是意味着排放是进行测量、认证和抵消的。对于应该抵消哪些排放，目前还没有达成共识。到目前为止，已经采用了各种定义，从抵消液化天然气货物全生命周期排放的宏伟目标，到抵消部分价值链上的碳排放。

碳中和液化天然气的长期可持续性以及减少其碳足迹的最佳方式是一个“必须解决”的挑战。如果碳中和液化天然气要成为主流，测量方法和标准化将是至关重要的。

壳牌和Jera是去年开始的碳中和液化天然气交易的首批推动者之一。除了先行者的优势外，卡伦相信，这些最初的交易为参与者提供了重要的经验，因为世界将进入一个低碳的未来。

这位分析师表示，在液化天然气价值链的某些环节设定减排目标，似乎是一条实现碳中和液化天然气和行业广泛采用的可行路径。然而，买家的信心需要进一步的衡量和标准化，以及政策甚至监管来提振。卡抵消每批液化天然气的整个生命周期的碳排放是一个雄心勃勃的目标。

伍德曼肯兹表示，在上游公司的投资组合中，液化天然气是排放最为密集的资源之一。二氧化碳排放和液化燃料的使用是上游液化天然气排放的主要来源。

在所有能源中，液化天然气的排放强度排名第三，约为每一千桶液化天然气40吨二氧化碳，仅次于油砂和重油。然而，不同液化天然气项目的排放量也有所不同。

王佳晶 摘译自 Kallanish Energy

原文如下：

Carbon-neutral LNG may become a future trend: WoodMac

Carbon-neutral liquefied natural gas (LNG) could become a future trend and a vital component of the future energy mix, but it may not be as straightforward as it may sound.

Wood Mackenzie’s principal analyst, Asia-Pacific Gas & LNG, Lucy Cullen told the Gastech Virtual Summit that carbon-neutral doesn’t simply mean a cargo creates zero emissions. It means emissions are measured, certified and offset, Kallanish Energy reports.

“There is no consensus yet on which emissions should be offset. Various definitions have been applied so far, ranging from ambitious objective to offset full life-cycle emissions of LNG cargoes, to offsetting part of the value chain,” she explained.

The long-term sustainability of carbon-neutral LNG and the best way to reduce its carbon footprint is a challenge “which must be addressed,” Cullen said. “Measurement methodologies and standardization will be critical if carbon-neutral LNG is to become more mainstream.”

Shell and Jera were among the first movers in the trade of carbon-neutral LNG, started last year. Apart from good news headlines and early mover advantage, Cullen believes these first deals offered participants important experience as the world moves into a lower carbon future.

The analyst said “targeting emissions reductions in certain segments of the LNG value chain seems an “achievable route to carbon-neutral LNG and wide-scale adoption in the industry.”

However, buyers’ confidence needs to be boosted with further measurement and standardization, as well as policy and even regulation. “Offsetting the entire life cycle of every LNG cargo is an ambitious goal,” Cullen said in her presentation.

According to Wood Mackenzie, LNG is one of the most emission intensive resource themes in an upstream company’s portfolio. CO2 venting and fuel use for liquefaction are the key sources of upstream LNG emissions.

LNG has the third largest emissions intensity among energy resources at around 40tCO2e/kboe, only behind oil sands and heavy oil. However, emissions vary across LNG projects.