随着炼油厂产量提高 美国汽油需求回升放缓

据能源世界网6月19日纽约报道， 世界上最大的汽车燃料市场-美国，其汽油需求的复苏上周达到了一个高峰，因为一些州的例激增，削弱了炼油商提高低燃料产量的努力。

根据美国能源情报署(Energy Information Administration，EIA)周三公布的数据显示，美国汽油消费在连续三周上升后，上周小幅下降。在六个州新感染病例激增的情况下，代表需求的汽油产品供应减少了3万桶，至每日790万桶。

在需求下降之前，炼油率已连续5周增加。EIA表示，上周炼油商的产能利用率达到73.8%，为4月初以来的最高水平。

纽约Again Capital Management合伙人John Kilduff表示,炼油商可能稍早宣布胜利，这将带来问题。

自疫情爆发以来，美国炼油商一直在追赶其抑制需求的影响。今年3月，随着政府实施的封锁措施减少了出行，汽油供应出现了过剩，炼制汽油的利润降至10多年来的最低水平。

根据EIA数据显示，上周炼油厂减产，汽油库存减少至2.57亿桶。 然而，库存仍远高于去年同期的2.332亿桶，与4月份刚刚超过2.63亿的纪录高点相差不大。

根据Refinitiv Eikon的数据显示，汽油利润率有所改善，周四每桶达到13.39美元，不过仍为2010年以来的季节性最低。

Clipper Data大宗商品研究主管史密斯(Matt Smith)表示，炼油商可能会再次导致市场供应过剩，不仅是因为国内需求不可靠，还因为其它地区的需求不稳。

史密斯表示，作为美国汽油出口的主要目的地，墨西哥每天进口18.3万桶汽油，为去年6月水平的一半。对墨西哥的柴油出口也下降了一半。

郝芬 译自 能源世界网

原文如下：

US gasoline demand recovery falters as refiners ramp up output

A recovery in demand for gasoline in the United States, the world's largest market for the motor fuel, hit a plateau last week as coronavirus cases surged in some states, undercutting refiners' efforts to ramp up low fuel production.

Gasoline consumption inched lower last week after three straight weeks of rises, according to Energy Information Administration data on Wednesday. Product supplied of gasoline - a proxy for demand - eased 30,000 barrels per day to 7.9 million bpd amid a spike in new infections in six states.

The dip in demand follows five consecutive weeks of increases in refining rates. Refiners last week ran at 73.8 per cent of capacity, the highest since early April, EIA said.

"Refiners might have declared victory a little early and it's going to be problematic," said John Kilduff, a partner at Again Capital Management in New York.

US refiners have been playing catch-up to the demand-depressing effects of the coronavirus since it started. In March, as government-imposed lockdowns cut travel, a gasoline supply glut emerged with margins to refine crude into gasoline falling to the lowest in more than a decade.

Refiners lowered output and gasoline inventories last week eased to 257 million barrels, EIA data showed. Stockpiles, however, are still far higher than year-ago levels of 233.2 million barrels and not too far off the record high of just over 263 million in April.

Gasoline margins have improved, to $13.39 a barrel on Thursday, though still the lowest seasonally since 2010, Refinitiv Eikon data showed.

Refiners could oversupply the market again, not only because of unreliable domestic demand, but because of shaky demand elsewhere, said Matt Smith, director of commodity research at Clipper Data.

Mexico, the leading destination for US gasoline exports, is importing 183,000 bpd of gasoline